\"Severnaya Pchela\" as a Source for the Study of Russian Culture and Politics in 1825-1864.

This work is devoted to the newspaper the “Severnaia Pchela” for the years of its existence in 1825-1864. The aim of the study is to determine the mechanisms of the functioning of the “Severnaia Pchela” as a private newspaper. Thus, the research question of this work is: what techniques did the editorial office of the newspaper the “Severnaia Pchela” use to achieve the status of one of the most popular newspapers of its time? The relevance of the work lies in the fact that at the moment there is no full-fledged research on the activities of the newspaper, only about its individual aspects and, to a greater extent, about the identity of one of the publishers - F.V. Bulgarin. The materials of the newspaper the “Severnaia Pchela”, as well as memoirs of newspaper figures and contemporaries, were used for the study. Since the “Severnaia Pchela” was the first newspaper that contained both political and news from the world of culture, it represents a unique phenomenon for the first half of the 19th century. In addition, many factors influenced one the activities of the newspaper: the views of the editors, the influence of the state and censorship, the political orientation of the newspaper. The methodological approach used in this paper is related to cultural history. The study is based on the system-structural method. Non-political and political, events, which were both historically and socially significant of the first half of the 19th century were chosen for the study in order to reveal the completeness of the presentation of these events and the point of view of the editors on them. Also, an important component of the work is to display the specifics of the images of events and to reveal the resources used to create the events by the editors. In addition, the work analyzes headlines and themes of the newspaper in order to demonstrate their evolution. Having conducted the research, it can be concluded that the newspaper’s editorial office used certain journalistic methods and innovations that allowed the newspaper to remain popular for a long time. In addition, the “Severnaia Pchela” contributed to the development of newspaper business in the Russian Empire, despite many negative opinions around this phenomenon.