K-Pop Fandom as a Space of Social Therapy: Fan Healing Discourses

Recent Fandom Studies research indicates the complexity of Korean idol group fandoms, which are situated at the crossroads of two discourses: pathologization and salvation. Historically, fandoms have been demonised and looked down upon (Duffet 2013). However, fandom communities serve as a safe space for fans (Hinck 2019), offering a place for emotional healing and growth (Cicchelli & Octobre 2021). Fans of Korean idols often look up to them as positive role models, following their behavioural patterns. The online communities also foster interpersonal communication, following the description of social therapy (Holzman 2005). This research outlines the fundamental attributes of the healing discourses within the K-pop fan community through semi-structured oral interviews. A total of 11 interviews with fans from Russia, the UK, the Philippines, and Portugal were conducted, identifying the key elements of the fans' personal therapeutic stories. First, many fans find positive messaging in K-pop content "healing." Second, as fans grow in affection for idols, they may look for similarities between their own experiences and the personal stories of the idols. These reflections have a therapeutic effect. Third, participating in fandom activities serves as a form of social therapy. While fans originally gather to re-interpret the well-known texts and express their affection for the artists together, their connections might deepen and grow into lifelong friendships. Through engaging with fellow fans, people cultivate a sense of community and rediscover their past passions. The K-pop community supported fans during challenging periods in their lives, such as personal hardships, depressive episodes, or isolation in lockdowns during COVID-19.