The Impact of the Fourth Energy Transition on the EU's Energy Security

The green transition and energy security have proved to be one of the most popular areas of research in relation to the EU countries in recent years, which is not surprising, since these complex principles are closely integrated into global processes not only in the region, but also around the world, which makes their sensitive nature very difficult and interesting to study. In order to substantiate the concept of "energy security", the study adopted the well-established scientific "multi-A’s" concept with the inclusion of: the factor of physical Availability of energy carriers; the factor of Affordability presented as an indicator of energy consumption efficiency; environmental Acceptability - along with the metric of energy import dependence, which is extremely relevant for the EU case. The parameters of the fourth energy transition in the European Union were used as explanatory variables, the significance of which will be verified through econometric tools, including: renewable energy generation, energy efficiency, financing costs for climate policy and energy R&D, metrics of fiscal regulation in the energy sector, as well as some socio-economic indicators that potentially significantly describe the dynamics of dependent energy security factors in the studied group of countries.