Comparative Analysis of Sustainability of Rural Territories Development in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in Russian Federation

The dissertation "Comparative Analysis of Sustainability of Rural Territories Development in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in Russian Federation" is devoted to the most important issue of modern socio-economic development: the sustainability of rural areas. This study is especially relevant in the context of global problems of sustainable development and unique socio-economic conditions that have developed in the vast rural areas of Kazakhstan and Russia. Characterized by large rural populations and dependence on agricultural and natural resources, these regions provide a vital context for studying and understanding the dynamics of sustainable rural development. The purpose of this research paper is to conduct a comparative analysis of sustainability of rural development in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in Russian Federation in order to identify common features and specific characteristics. In order to achieve the objective, the following tasks were defined: 1. To characterize the concept of sustainable development as applied to rural areas of Kazakhstan and Russia. 2. To assess the compliance of the state policies of Kazakhstan and Russia on rural development with the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 3. Identify regions of both countries with similar features of rural development and give their comparative characterization. 4. To assess the economic, social and environmental sustainability of rural development on the example of selected regions of Kazakhstan and Russia. The object of the study is rural areas in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is the sustainability of rural development in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in the Russian Federation. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative approach, focusing on how two countries with common historical and socio-economic characteristics implement sustainable development strategies in their rural areas. The research methodology includes comparative analysis, development of rural sustainability assessment system. The study is based on the analysis of scientific literature, legislative acts, programs and statistical data related to sustainable development of rural areas in the regions: North-Kazakhstan and Omsk, East-Kazakhstan and Altai Krai. In the course of the work difficulties were identified due to the lack of comparable statistical data of the two countries. The first chapter describes the concept of sustainable rural development, the history of the concept and the goals adopted by the UN. It also presents the factors determining the dynamics of sustainable rural development. In the second - normative bases of the state policy in the field of sustainable development of rural areas in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in the Russian Federation. The common features of the border regions of Kazakhstan and Russia in terms of historical data, natural conditions, development of agriculture and rural areas are identified. The third chapter presents the results of the study, calculated using cluster analysis by k-means method and analyzes the sustainability of rural development in the Republic of Kazakhstan and in the Russian Federation. The main findings of the study are concluded.