The Symbolism of Phytonyms in the "Book of Songs and Hymns" ("Shijing")

This work examines the "Book of Songs and Hymns" ("Shijing") from the point of view of the use of phytonyms and their symbols in it. The purpose of this study is to identify the features and individual patterns in the use of phytonyms in the "Book of Songs and Hymns" and to establish the relationship between the purpose of the poem and the phytonyms in it. Thus, the study carried out work on the study of the structure of the composition of "Shi Jing" in terms of the placement of phytonyms in the poems under consideration based on their hidden purpose. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: compiling a summary table of the use of phytonyms in the source; determining the meaning of phytonyms in the source and establishing a correlation with the purpose of texts; distributing phytonyms in the source by methods of use based on their role in the poem; distributing poems by categories; conducting analysis forming conclusions. In this study, such basic methods of historical analysis were used, for example, the historical-typological method and descriptive-narrative method in the compilation, and analysis of applications, as well as comparative translation analysis in the study of discrepancies between the original source in Chinese and the Russian translation by A.A. Shtukin. The main results of the study are the establishment of the presence of phytonyms with a certain mood and polysemous in meaning, as well as the possibility of determining the symbolism based on comparison with the categories of poems; In addition, it was revealed that phytonyms in "Shijing" contribute to the transfer of basic values of Chinese culture and reflect the concept of interaction between man and nature. Keywords: "Book of Songs and hymns", phytonym, symbolism, category of poem, cultural connotation, translation by A. A. Shtukin, analysis