A Statistical Analysis of Factors Influencing Household Consumer Expenditure and Saving

The increase in capital plays a crucial role in the economic progress of a country, stimulating innovation and development of new sectors of the economy. This process depends on net investments directed towards acquiring fixed capital by institutional units, including households, corporations, and government bodies. Households play an important role in accumulating fixed capital, as their investments form resources at the macroeconomic level and create conditions for sustained economic development. Household consumption expenditures also matter since they affect decisions regarding savings and investments. This work is devoted to the study of the main factors influencing household consumer spending and savings. Existing publications analyzing the savings norm of the "Households" sector are reviewed. Factors affecting the formation and structure of household consumer spending and savings are identified. The work involves an analysis of the calculated savings rate across the entire economy, households, and the fifth quintile group based on per capita expenses. Unit root tests have been used to prove the stationarity of time series. It has been revealed that the savings rate has a constant mean value and standard deviation and does not depend on previous values of the savings rate. A statistical analysis of the factors influencing household consumer spending and savings was conducted. As a result of clustering, four groups of households with similar investment behavior were identified. For each group, a regression model was constructed, where the dependent variable is the savings rate of household members, and the independent variables are those identified during the research. The results of the study can be used to develop measures aimed at improving the investment and savings climate and the behavior of individual household groups in this area.