Using of Hypergraphs while Constructing 5G Networks for Civil Aviation

The development of 5G networks imposes serious requirements on efficient management and maintenance of various network structures in a constantly changing network environment. An important task is to ensure centralized management of radio resources through multiple radio access technology (multi-RAT), which requires the use of complex abstractions to represent the characteristics and states of radio networks. Without these abstractions, it is not possible to fully utilize the capabilities of increasing network density and power, which is crucial for achieving 5G goals. In the aviation industry, there has been developed a 5G network that is based on the concept of multi-RAT, and which represents a simplified model of a heterogeneous ultra-dense network (HUDN). This model significantly improves the efficiency of bandwidth utilization and contributes to rapid growth of data volume in fifth-generation networks. The dense deployment of small cells within HUDN leads to increased interference between cells, making the development of efficient resource allocation and user association algorithms essential to minimize interference and optimize network performance. HUDN issues include the complexity of resource optimization due to the interdependence of resource distribution and user association, requiring simple yet effective solutions. This paper explores the use of hypergraph theory to model complex interdependencies and solve resource allocation problems in HUDN. The analysis of the location of aeronavigation signals shows that the optimal frequency range for 5G base stations in airports is 4.6-4.8 GHz. The deployment of 5G networks in sensitive areas such as airports requires careful consideration of all security aspects and coordination with regulatory bodies. Furthermore, the data transmission process between 5G base stations during aircraft landing was considered. There are models that were developed using Python and the PyCharm, an integrated development environment, to determine the required number of base stations and their coverage radius to ensure reliable connections. The numpy, matplotlib, and scipy libraries were used for mathematical calculations and data visualization, allowing for the simulation of the aircraft landing process and connection handover between base stations. The study concludes with a discussion of the use of 5G in civil aviation, emphasizing the need to consider the interaction of new frequencies with existing systems.