Development of Climate-Improved Practices in Arable Land Management in the Russian Federation

The dissertation examines the methods of developing climate-sustainable practices of arable land management in the Russian Federation. The relevance of the study is due to climate change, which has a significant negative impact on global freshwater reserves and agricultural crops, endangering food security. The introduction of new land management methods is aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, adapting to changing climatic conditions and ensuring sustainable agricultural production. The study is based on an analysis of the state of the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation, whose contribution to total greenhouse gas emissions is 7% of total emissions in the country. In the context of the global climate agenda and the plans of the international community to introduce carbon mechanisms, it is necessary to review carbon strategies and optimize production processes. The aim is to identify promising approaches to the use of climatically improved practices in the management of arable lands in the territory of the Russian Federation and to develop recommendations for the implementation of climatically improved arable land management. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set and solved: a review of the state of the agricultural sector of the Russian Federation; an analysis of international programs for climate-sustainable agricultural management; a study of international standards for estimating greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture and approaches to their regulation; study of criteria and procedure for classifying projects as climatic, analysis of the experience of implementing such projects in the world; analysis of national regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation aimed at regulating greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture; study of international experience in climate-sustainable management of arable lands and identification of promising approaches for application in Russian conditions; development of practical recommendations on climate-sustainable management arable land in the Russian Federation. Agriculture of the Russian Federation, occupying a significant share in the economy, requires the introduction of climate-sustainable practices to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, maintain food security and increase competitiveness in the global market. International initiatives play a key role in supporting sustainable agriculture. The climate policy of the Russian Federation needs to develop financial mechanisms and incentives for decarbonization, as well as the integration of regional and sectoral initiatives. Successful implementation of climate projects requires an integrated approach, compliance with legislation, effective risk management and long-term sustainability. International experience shows the high effectiveness of various sustainable agricultural practices in reducing the carbon footprint and improving arable land management. The study compiled a list of climatically improved practices in crop production and developed recommendations for sustainable management of arable land in Russia. When planning climate projects, it is necessary to take into account risks and benefits, regional characteristics and climatic conditions, as well as conduct scientific research to assess the effectiveness of soil carbon management. It is important to introduce incentives and financing, develop educational programs and trainings for farmers, introduce insurance mechanisms, attract private capital and create financial instruments. Coordination and support of climate projects, a balance between government regulation and voluntary practices will ensure the effective use of the potential of sustainable arable land management. The implementation of these recommendations will significantly increase the resilience of the Russian agricultural sector to climate change and reduce the carbon footprint, ensuring the long-term development of the industry.