Chemical Experiment as a Way of Forming Research Competence in Chemistry Lessons

Modern education reform is aimed at guaranteeing cultural heritage, accelerating scientific and technological progress and economic development, as well as preparing for rapidly changing technologies. The main focus is on the quality of education, which contributes to successful adaptation in the real world, and the development of personal qualities that form the competence of students. The introduction of the concept of competence into the educational practice of secondary schools requires the correction of the content, teaching methods and the definition of the necessary skills for students. The relevance of the topic of the master's thesis on the formation of research competence through chemical experiment is expressed in the fact that despite the extensive number of studies devoted to the competence approach in education, this particular aspect remains insufficiently studied. The development of research competence through practical chemical experiments represents a significant potential for enriching the educational process and improving education in schools through the subject of Chemistry. This topic is relevant in the context of modern educational requirements, given the importance of developing critical thinking, analytical skills and practical competence of students. A review of the literature has shown the main limitations of the development of research skills in the study of chemistry: insufficient level of methodological training of teachers, pedagogical focus on the reproductive activity of students. The analysis of textbooks on the chemistry course for secondary schools has shown that the main activity in the study of chemical phenomena and processes is the reproduction and application of acquired knowledge. A review of the literature shows that for a deeper understanding of chemical concepts, it is advisable to use the research activities of students. However, data on the effectiveness of this practice in conditions of regular activity need empirical confirmation and prove the innovativeness and practical significance of the work. To develop lesson scenarios, a model of a research approach was used in teaching natural sciences, testing was carried out on the basis of State budget educational school No. 2089. The conclusions obtained as a result of the approbation show that the integration of chemical experiments into the educational process significantly increases the level of research competence of students. It was revealed that the active use of experimental work contributes to the development of critical thinking, analysis and synthesis skills, as well as the ability to formulate scientifically sound conclusions.