Seminar Natalia Bulchenko on the topic: "Informal discrimination of women in former "prohibited" professions
In most developed countries, following the recommendations of international organizations on anti-discrimination legislation, equality between men and women in labor rights is proclaimed. The World Bank, however, notes that there are legal barriers to women’s employment in 104 of 189 countries across different sectors of the economy. This is mainly the case for occupations in manufacturing, construction, energy, agriculture, water and transport.
In several post-Soviet countries, including Russia (Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Belarus, Turkmenistan), there are also legal restrictions on the employment of women. In Russia, it is the Order of the Ministry of Labor on a list of occupations prohibited for women. In 2021, the list of occupations prohibited for women in Russia was reduced from 456 names to 100, excluding a number of railway occupations, including assistant train driver and electric train operator.
Based on the case-study of the electric train typist, the only woman in this profession from the Urals to Vladivostok since 2021, during a deep interview by categorization method, informal barriers to discrimination against women in professions that are no longer prohibited for women were identified. Selected 12 types of informal discrimination: informational, financial, temporary; descriptive and coercive gender stereotypes, sexism and prejudice against women, «male quotas» and «male standard», reproductive work, organizational, psychological and «self-fulfilling prophecy». All these barriers prevent women from entering the profession where legal barriers are removed; all of them can be eliminated «from above» by institutional measures.
To get a link to the event we ask you to fill out this questionnaire in a language that is convenient for you - Russian or English. Thanks!