Бакалавриат 2020/2021

Теоретические основы менеджмента

Статус: Курс по выбору (Программа двух дипломов по экономике НИУ ВШЭ и Лондонского университета)

Направление: 38.03.01. Экономика

Кто читает: Международный институт экономики и финансов

Где читается: Международный институт экономики и финансов

Когда читается: 4-й курс, 1-4 модуль

Формат изучения: с онлайн-курсом

Преподаватели: Кускова Валентина Викторовна

Язык: английский

Кредиты: 10

Контактные часы: 112

Course Syllabus

Abstract

This course is an introductory course in management, design to familiarize undergraduate students with the general concepts and theoretical foundations of the field of management. The students will become familiar with broad areas of management and develop the fundamental skills required to effectively manage self and others, develop strategy for companies and make them competitive globally. The course is fully compliant with the Core Management Concepts course guide of University of London. This course is about management. Specifically, we will focus on certain management competencies and behaviors that lead to positive organizational outcomes. The course foundation is rooted in the understanding of the firm and role of labor, firm management, human resources, importance of accounting and finance, and performance management. A large portion of the course will be devoted to these topics as they are essential to formulation of the firm’s business strategy. Strategic Management is concerned with the pursuit of a successful long-term competitive position of an organization. Strategy defines a desired objective and communicates what will be done, by whom, how, for whom, and why the output is valuable. This section of the course aims to help you understand and apply key strategic management concepts and frameworks in the pursuit of sustainable competitive advantage. This course focuses on three key areas: organizational analysis, contemporary strategic management, and decision-making. Ensuring the firm’s competitiveness is at the heart of marketing. Though marketing has grown into a discipline of its own, the basic foundation of marketing is an important part of this course. We will examine both the theoretical aspects and the development of practice in this discipline. In addition to theoretical concepts, this course will also provide ample opportunities for development of practical management skills. Several recent large-scale research efforts, by the Gallup Company and others, have been very useful in identifying what good managers do that others do not. That research reveals that the best managers generally do several things consistently better than their counterparts: (1) display interpersonal effectiveness (i.e., organization, time management, and persuasive communication); (2) select, motivate and coach top performers and teams; (3) create a culture of high expectations that rewards and celebrates success (i.e., leadership). It can (and often is) made a lot more complicated than that, but it need not be. The keys to good management are managing yourself effectively, picking good colleagues and coaching them well, motivating people to care and do their best, and creating a climate where people work together and win. It all sounds quite simple and our experience is that younger students therefore sometimes mistakenly view those competencies as “common sense,” or easy to master, or just part of one’s personality. That is nonsense. The reality is that good managers are the exception, not the rule, and nearly 60% of employees today report that they are dissatisfied with their current manager. Moreover, more promising business careers derail because of managerial deficiency than any other reason. Pre-requisites: ICEF Course “Management in Global Context” or instructor’s permission.

Learning Objectives

• To give students a thorough grounding in the key management sub-disciplines
• To provide an overview of the development of these disciplines
• To illustrate the disciplinary anchors of these disciplines in sociology, psychology and economics

Expected Learning Outcomes

• • Develop and demonstrate a deep understanding of the key theoretical management concepts. Apply these concepts to specific business situations.
• • Analyze and evaluate managerial tools such as balance sheets and marketing plans.
• • Explain the relevance of social science to business practice.
• • Define and resolve problems, and recognize the most common decision errors and make tough decisions in an ethically conscious and competent way.
• • Use an understanding of the factors that motivate performance and commitment to diagnose organizational situations and help create motivational contexts.
• • Help a team produce superior outcomes and overcome common dysfunctions like “groupthink,” social loafing, and free riders.
• • Diagnose and intervene in conflict situations in a productive way.
• • Work within a team to analyze real business problem(s) and make substantive recommendations for improvement.
• • Build expertise at spotting the internal and external factors that lead to a firm’s strategic choices
• • Become familiar with the tools managers use to develop and implement business/corporate strategies
• • Understand why some strategies fail, while others lead to long term success for a firm
• • Apply the knowledge you gain about business strategies to your own careers
• Apply the principles of social learning to increase self-awareness, acquire new skills and manage time and stress more effectively.

Course Contents

• Introduction
  This chapter introduces the course and its approach. It discusses the pre-industrial roots of thinking about management and leadership, and shows the longevity of certain management practices. The industrial revolution prompted major developments in social theory and political economy—in particular in Europe and USA—which in turn have influenced the analysis of management in business. The chapter traces the roots of modern management technique in the developing disciplines of the social sciences and offers a framework for a critical understanding of the corpus of business knowledge.
• Management and the Firm
  The chapter looks at the growth of large firms in historical context and examines the major explanations for the growth of firms, specifically technological indivisibility and market failure. It specifically examines the work of Chandler. It describes the separation of ownership and control and introduces the problem of agency. It introduces the ‘varieties of capitalism’ debate and covers the varieties of institutional arrangements for firm governance that have emerged in advanced economies. The relationship between the factory system and the creation of an industrial workforce is discussed.
• Taylorism, Motivation, and Performance
  This chapter looks at the emergence of two important schools in the history of management science that attempt to systematically analyze human behaviour at work: 1. Taylorism and scientific management; and 2. the development in psychology and the human relations movement. If offers an overview of the background, principles, as well as limitations and problems of the two schools. Performance appraisal systems and reward systems in organisations are examined as well.
• The Rise and Decline of Labour
  This chapter looks at the historical root of industrial and labour relations and explores the linkage between workplace control and the broader economic and political context of work organisations. The evolution of internal labour market, the logic of collective action, and wage determination and rent-sharing in collective bargaining are examined. The chapter also introduces the markets for trade unionism and the mechanisms that unions grow. It overviews the rise and fall of trade unions with reference to historical and contemporary influences. Alternative voices schemes are explored at the end.
• The Rise of Human Resources Management
  This chapter looks at the origin and evolution of the field of human resources management (HRM) and introduces key theories and analytical concepts of HRM. The chapter will provide a framework for thinking systematically and strategically about aspects of managing the organisation’s human assets. Major approaches to HR strategy—Michigan School, Harvard School, and Resource-based models will be discussed.
• Origins of Management Science
  This chapter will look at the development, post-Taylorism, of quantitative modelling approaches to operations management. Basic concepts of queueing systems and inventory control, and linear programming will be introduced and placed in context. We will discuss how these concepts have been developed as organisations have become more complex, and more mature in their ability to process data and harness computing power. We will also talk about how these ideas have spread beyond the engineering and manufacturing settings in which they were first introduced, and some of the challenges facing the implementation of these management science concepts in these new environments. • Ideas of inventory theory like EOQ/newsvendor • Basic queueing models, M/M/1, M/M/k—focusing on graphical presentation and insights (no proofs)—basic equations and say the real world more complex but the basic insights hold.
• Accounting, finance and the firm
  The chapter will comprise a review of models of agency provided by principal agent theory, behaviouralism and the theory of the firm provided by Rajan & Zingales (1998). It would also introduce accounting theories that do not utilize such models, such as the critical accounting school. These theoretical perspectives will constitute reference points for case discussion in later weeks. We will be drawing on discussions of principal / agent theory and behaviouralism provided in earlier chapters within the course.
• Management Accounting: Costing
  This chapter will introduce management accounting as a set of practices relating to the internal control of the corporation and their evolving role in facilitating decision making by managers. Then focus will be placed on costing. We will distinguish between direct and indirect costs, and between standard costing methods and Activity Based Costing. We will place issues relating to costing in historical perspective and drawing on Johnson & Kaplan’s Relevance Lost, make comparisons with costing in earlier periods.
• Management accounting: Decentralization and performance measurement
  This chapter would introduce themes in management account relating to the collecting, processing and analysis of information regarding the internal functioning of the firm. We will investigate the relationship between performance measurement and decentralized forms of organization. Following a review of different aspects of management accounting, we will cover issues agency and institutionalist perspectives on performance measurement. We will then cover the Balanced Scorecard.
• Financial accounting
  This chapter will introduce the three elements of the financial report, namely, the balance sheet, the profit and loss statement and the cash flow statement. We will discuss the qualitative requirements of financial accounting for relevance, reliability, comparability and understandability. We will also look at processes for setting financial accounting standards.
• Modern Portfolio Theory
  This chapter will first introduce the financial framework relating to risk and reward and place this in the context of the characteristics of different asset classes. We discuss issues relating to asset allocation, long term rates of return of different asset classes, the research on the relative returns of asset class selection and security selection.
• Security analysis and valuation
  We draw on the previous chapter in examining different financial ratios and their application in conducting financial analysis of firms. In the latter part of the chapter we will extend this discussion to revisit issues relating to mergers and acquisitions.
• The Origins of Modern Strategy
  This chapter will focus on the origins of the strategic management discipline. The chapter will emphasise what differentiates thediscipline of strategic management from its sibling and parent disciplines. Particular attention will be paid here to understanding its level and units of analysis, principal questions, primary assumptions, typical research methods and key debates. The early ‘pre-theoretic’ schools that characterised the youthful strategic management discipline in the 1960s and 1970s will be surveyed. In addition, the influential ‘positioning school’ work of Michael Porter from the 1980s with its focus on industry analysis will be introduced.
• Understanding Organisational Structures
  The chapter examines structural options. Beginning with the Weberian concept of bureaucracy, it discusses the development of formal rational hierarchies in business. It covers the work of Mintzberg and Scott. It examines explanations for the rise of m form organisations (Coase, Williamson) and introduces the concept of matrix organisation. Finally, it discusses institutional theories and the pressures of isomorphism
• Analysis of Organisations
  This chapter analyses the development of theories of organisation, dealing with both sociological and economic approaches and examining ecological and institutional theories of organisational fields. It looks at the connection between the study of organisational forms and fields, and examines network theories of organization.
• Contemporary Strategic Management
  This chapter will examine the most prominent theoretical perspective to emerge in the strategic management discipline in recent decades: the Resource-Based view (RBV) of the firm. The emergence of this re-focus on the ‘internal’ elements of company strategy will be placed in disciplinary context. Major works of both scholarly (e.g. Jay Barney, Kathleen Eisenhardt, and Bruce Kogut) and practitioner-oriented RBV authors (e.g. Gary Hamel and C.K. Prahalad) will be reviewed to provide a representative picture of the concerns, methods, findings, and debates of the RBV (and associated Knowledge-Based View) theoretical perspectives. The chapter will conclude with a discussion of cutting edge trends in strategic management theory and practice.
• Strategy and Decision Making
  This chapter will trace the evolution of behavioural decision theories from their origins in the 1950s to the present day. Behavioural theories are normally based on (i) a concept of a “good” or “rational” approach to decision making; (ii) empirical evidence which shows that people do not follow such an approach; (iii) a theoretic account of why such departures from rationality occur, and, sometimes (iv) some suggestions as to how to help people make more rational decisions. In this chapter we centre mostly on the celebrated “heuristics and biases” tradition of Kahnemann and Tversky, showing how the theory which these authors developed can shed light on both economic behaviour and managerial decision making. We also discuss some of the controversies surrounding this theory and some alternative views
• The Origins of Marketing: The Development of the Theory
  Marketing theory approaches, like marketing itself have to span both the level of individual behaviour, which tends to be most informed by economics and psychology and aggregate behaviour and organisational relationships where sociological and again economics approaches provide much of the initial theoretical background. On top of this much of the aggregate work also relies to a considerable extent on advanced statistical techniques.
• The Origins of Marketing: The Development of the Practice
  The practice of Marketing has emerged from a number of different “traditions”, including business journalism, advertising, selling and, rather later, market research. We will look in more detail at the historical development of one of these traditions: advertising, to illustrate in more specific terms, the recurrent themes particularly in terms of the issue of practice and professionalisation but also allied issues such as the knowledge base, the questions of standards and the nature of regulation. We will then consider the more recent manifestation of these issues in both a US and a UK context.
• Future Challenges for Marketing in the Digital Age and the role of Branding
  It is perhaps an inevitable characteristic of the area of marketing that it has to confront questions of change both within the organisational function and also in the wider market environment. We will look at two key areas: the claims and evidence for the changing nature of the communications and promotion activity in responding to the shift from “broadcasting” to “narrow-casting” and the extent to which a more interactive relationship with customers is changing the underlying rationale of many marketing activities. We will finally consider one area of apparent continuity: the inexorable rise of the notion of “The Brand”.

Assessment Elements

• in-class and take-home written assignments
• December exam
• UoL exam
  UoL exam is not included in overall grade.
• April exam
• take home assignments
• in-class assignments

Interim Assessment

• Interim assessment (2 module)
  0.7 * December exam + 0.15 * in-class assignments + 0.15 * take home assignments
• Interim assessment (4 module)
  0.4 * April exam + 0.35 * December exam + 0.25 * in-class and take-home written assignments

Bibliography

Recommended Core Bibliography

• Understanding management : the social science foundations, Willman, P., 2014

Recommended Additional Bibliography

• John Burns, Martin Quinn, Liz Warren, & João Oliveira. (2013). Management Accounting. Portugal, Europe. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&site=eds-live&db=edsbas&AN=edsbas.8F4ABDD7